地磁梯度张量测量及匹配导航关键技术研究

Research on key technologies of geomagnetic gradient tensor measurement and matching navigation

关键词:  地磁导航  磁梯度张量  磁传感器矩阵  磁梯度张量构图  磁梯度数据匹配

Key words:  Geomagnetic navigation  Magnetic gradient tensor  Magnetic sensor matrix  Magnetic gradient tensor mapping  Magnetic gradient data matching

摘要:

系统探讨了地磁导航技术中高精度磁传感器矩阵和磁梯度张量观测技术的发展与应用。阐述了磁梯度和磁梯度张量的基本理论及其导航模型的构建。研究了磁传感器的选择、布局设计、校准和标定，以及信号处理算法。通过设置多个磁梯度信号测量仪，全面捕捉由磁异常引起的局部磁场变化，并讨论了不同磁传感器配置方式及基线长度的选择原则。介绍了利用地磁梯度张量数据生成高分辨率地磁场分布图的技术，同时结合ICCP，POMDP和NSPSO算法，对地磁梯度张量在地磁导航中的应用进行了研究。阐述了地磁导航技术的理论基础、技术实现和应用前景，强调了其作为一种有效的导航手段的潜力和重要性。

Abstract:

The development and application of high-precision magnetic sensor arrays and magnetic gradient tensor observation techniques in geomagnetic navigation are systematically studied. The fundamental theories of magnetic gradients and magnetic gradient tensors and the construction of their navigation models are described. The selection, layout design, calibration, and standardization of magnetic sensors and signal processing algorithms are investigated. Local magnetic field variations caused by magnetic anomalies are comprehensively captured by setting up multiple magnetic gradient signal measurement devices. The principles for selecting different magnetic sensor configurations and baseline lengths are discussed. A technique for generating high-resolution geomagnetic field distribution maps using the magnetic gradient tensor data is proposed. Meanwhile, the application of magnetic gradient tensors in geomagnetic navigation is studied by integrating ICCP (iterative closest contour point), POMDP (partially observable Markov decision process) and NSPSO (natural selective particle swarm optimization) algorithms. The theoretical foundations, technical implementation, and application prospects of geomagnetic navigation technology are demon-strated, and its potential and importance as an effective navigation method are highlighted.