新型磁悬浮振动陀螺的设计与分析研究

Design and Analysis of a Novel Electromagnetic Suspended Vibratory Gyroscope

关键词:  振动陀螺  磁悬浮  结构设计  陀螺性能

Key words:  Vibratory gyroscope  Electromagnetic suspension  Structure design  Gyroscope performance

摘要:

振动陀螺是一种利用哥氏效应检测角速度的传感器，其谐振子的结构精度和阻尼均匀性限制了陀螺性能的提升。为减小谐振子结构与支撑锚点的影响，提出了一种全新概念的磁悬浮振动陀螺。该陀螺利用电磁悬浮的方法将谐振子悬空，从而简化了谐振子为无支撑锚点的集中质量块，降低了其结构精度要求，消除了机械结构阻尼，最终达到提升陀螺性能的目的。基于经典振动陀螺模型，理论分析了磁悬浮振动陀螺的基本工作原理，并说明了谐振子误差对陀螺性能的影响规律,设计了新型磁悬浮振动陀螺的结构，并对该结构的磁感应强度进行了仿真分析。仿真结果证明,悬浮质量块振动稳定，具有较好的磁场均匀性。最后对陀螺样机进行了测试，其固有频率为20Hz，标度因子约为1.6mV/［(°)/s］,测试结果验证了所提磁悬浮振动结构的陀螺效应。

Abstract:

Vibratory gyroscope is a kind of sensor which uses Coriolis effect to sense angular velocity. The structure accuracy and damping uniformity of its resonator limit the improvement of gyroscope performance. In order to reduce the influence of resonator structure accuracy and supporting anchor, a new concept of electromagnetic suspended vibratory gyroscope is proposed in this paper. The resonator is suspended in the air by electromagnetic suspension method, which simplifies the resonator as a concentrated mass without supporting anchor, reduces the structural accuracy requirements, eliminates the mechanical structure damping, and improves the performance of the gyroscope. Based on the classical vibratory gyroscope model, the basic working principle of the novel gyroscope is analyzed, and the influence of the resonator error on the gyroscope performance is studied. The structure of the electromagnetic suspended vibratory gyroscope is designed, and the magnetic flux density of the structure is simulated and analyzed. The simulation results show that the suspension mass has stable vibration and good magnetic field uniformity. Finally, the gyro prototype is tested, its natural frequency is 20Hz, and the scale factor is about 1.6mV/［(°)/s］. The test results verify the gyroscopic effect of the proposed structure.