基于无位置传感器的永磁同步电机控制技术研究

Research on Simulation Control of Sensorless PMSM

关键词:  永磁同步电机  改进型滑模观测器  无位置传感器  实时仿真

Key words:  PMSM  Improved Sliding Mode Observer(SMO)  Position sensorless  Real-time simulation

摘要:

永磁同步电机在应用中通常需要位置传感器，但是位置传感器的使用不仅增加了系统成本，而且增大了电机体积，限制了其应用场合，因此研究无位置传感器的电机控制技术具有重要意义。滑模观测器可以对永磁同步电机的转子位置和速度进行估算，但是传统的滑模观测器常采用含有符号函数的切换方式，在快速切换的同时容易产生抖振现象。为减小抖振并提高系统的稳定性，采用改进型滑模观测器对转子位置和速度进行估算，并将估算的速度和位置信息反馈给控制系统实现系统的闭环控制。最后通过半实物仿真平台对控制算法进行实时仿真，验证了方案的有效性和正确性。

Abstract:

Although permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) requires position sensors in the applications, the use of position sensors not only increases system cost and the size of the motor, but also limits the application of the motor. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the motor control technology without position sensor. The sliding mode observer can estimate the rotor position and the speed of PMSM. However the traditional sliding mode observer usually uses the switching mode with sign function, which can easily generate chattering phenomenon. In order to reduce chattering and improve the stability of the system, an improved sliding mode observer is used to estimate the rotor position and velocity, which are fed back to the control system to achieve the closed loop control of the system. At last, the real-time simulation of the control algorithm is carried out by the semi-physical simulation platform, which verifies the validity and correctness of the scheme.