三维光晶格在镱原子光钟中的应用研究

Application of Three-Dimensional Optical Lattice in Ytterbium Optical Clock

关键词:  冷镱原子光钟  光频移  三维光晶格  Mott绝缘态

Key words:  Ytterbium atomic clock  Optical frequency shift  Three-dimensional optical lattice  Mott insulation state

摘要:

首先介绍了镱原子光晶格钟的基本原理及构成，随后提出了三维光晶格在镱原子光钟上应用的可行性。通过操控光晶格中冷镱原子的量子特性，降低了光晶格频移的不确定度，提高了光钟性能。在Mott绝缘区域中将冷镱原子装载到三维光晶格的基带中，使原子密度最大化，从而极大地抑制了光频移。在JILA 小组锶原子费米简并三维光晶格的实验基础上，提出了对于镱原子光钟也可采用三维光晶格结构的方案，阐述了抑制镱原子光钟三维方向标量、矢量和张量频移的方法。最后对冷镱原子三维光晶格钟的应用研究进行了展望。

Abstract:

This paper first introduces the basic principle and structure of ytterbium atomic optical lattice clock, and then puts forward the feasibility of applying three-dimensional optical lattice to ytterbium atomic optical clock. By controlling the quantum properties of cool ytterbium atoms in optical lattices, the uncertainty of frequency shift of optical lattices is reduced and the performance of optical clock is improved. The cold ytterbium atoms are loaded into the baseband of the three-dimensional optical lattice in the Mott insulation region to maximize the atomic density and greatly suppress the optical frequency shift. Based on the experiment of strontium atom Fermi degenerate three-dimensional optical lattice in JILA group, a scheme of using three-dimensional optical lattice structure for ytterbium atomic optical clock is proposed, and the method of suppressing the frequency shift of scalar, vector and tensor in three-dimensional direction of ytterbium atomic optical clock is described. Finally, the application of ytterbium 3D optical lattice clock is prospected.